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Possibilities of physiotherapy and physical activity for patients after acute coronary syndrome and their education
Lucano, Matteo ; Pianelli Jahodová, Ivana (advisor) ; Heřmanová, Ivona (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of physiotherapy in patients after acute coronary syndrome. The main aim of the bachelor thesis is to highlight the importance of physiotherapy in early hospital care not only as a prevention of complications of hospitalization and prevention of deconditioning, but also as psychological support for the patient. That is, to educate the patient about regimen measures important for preventing disease relapse and limits of physical exertion, to motivate lifestyle changes and to reduce influential risk factors so that ACS is not a disabling problem for patients. To this end, educational material designed not only for patients after ACS, but also for the general and professional public will be used. This thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of ACS, including the most common cause of atherosclerosis. It also describes the diagnosis of the disease and the course of treatment including surgery, pharmacological treatment and the principles of cardiovascular rehabilitation. In the practical part, 2 case reports of patients are presented, based on a thorough methodology including the course of cardiovascular rehabilitation. The physiotherapeutic intervention includes a special...
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Impact of Admitting Department on the Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome after an Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Jánský, Pavel ; Moťovská, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hutyra, Martin (referee) ; Ošťádal, Petr (referee)
Aim. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the hospital admitting department on adherence to the Guidelines of European Society of Cardiology for management of acute coronary syndromes in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) of coronary etiology. Methods: We studied 102 consecutive patients with OHCA as a manifestation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Patients were admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) 52, general intensive care unit (GICU) 21, or GICU after initial Cath lab treatment (CAG-GICU) 29. This study compared the differences in the management of ACS in patients with OHCA of coronary etiology based on the admitting department in a tertiary care institution. Results: Twelve of the 21 (57.1%) patients admitted to the GICU were evaluated as having ACS on- site where they experienced OHCA. In the CCU group, 50 out of 52 (96.2%) and 28 of 29 (100%) patients in the CAG-GICU group (p<0.001). Coronary angiography was performed in 10 of 21 patients (48%) admitted to the GICU. It was performed in 49 out of 52 (94%) CCU patients and, in the CAG-GICU group, 28 out of 29 patients. The mean time to CAG differed significantly across groups (that is, GICU 200.7 min., CCU 71.2 min., and CAG-GICU 7.5 min. (p<0.001)). Aspirin was used in 48% of GICU, 96% of CCU, and 79% of CAG-GICU...
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Assessment and monitoring of cardio markers of acute coronary syndrome.
Kopecká, Magda ; Dršata, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Matoušková, Petra (referee)
Unverzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Autor: Kopecká Magda Studijní program: Zdravotnická bioanalytika Název práce: Stanovení a monitorování kardiomarkerů u akutního koronárního syndromu Druh práce: Bakalářská práce Vedoucí bakalářské práce: prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Dršata, CSc. Cíl práce: Cílem práce je charakterizovat akutní koronární syndrom, poskytnout přehled základních charakteristik biomarkerů, které mají význam pro klinické užití v diagnostice a monitorování pacientů s akutním koronárním syndromem, především s akutním infarktem myokardu, podat informaci o jejich racionálním využití, objasnit možnosti a principy jednotlivých stanovení a v neposlední řadě pojednat o problematice správného ordinování požadavků na vyšetření jednotlivých kardiomarkerů. ABSTRACT Assessment and monitoring of cardio-markers in acute coronary syndrome. - The aim of the thesis is to characterize an acute coronary syndrome, provide an overview of basic biomarker characteristics, which are important for clinical application in diagnostics and monitoring of patients with an acute coronary syndrome, primarily an acute heart attack, provide information about their rational utilization, clarify the possibilities and principles of particular assessments and also address the issue of proper...
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The use of PAPP-A/proMBP complex in early diagnosis and prevention of coronary artery disease and in the improvement of therapeutic and preventive care of patients and their families in risk.
Hájek, Petr ; Macek, Milan (advisor) ; Kalousová, Marta (referee) ; Poledne, Rudolf (referee)
Majority of medical decisions are based on results of diagnostic tests that help to differentiate normal from abnormal. The choice of appropriate test and its intepretation are neccessary steps for correct diagnosis and treatment strategy determination. Rapid prove of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) plays a key role in choice of optimal treatment strategy, because timing of intervention directly influences prognosis of the patient. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP- A) has been studied as a promising marker of ACS. For PAPP-A evaluation in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, we have chosen commercially available system Kryptor that had been verified in prenatal screening of pregnancies in risk. PAPP-A belongs among metalloproteinases. It is important marker of physiological development of placenta and fetus. The only proven physiological role of PAPP- A is the enabling of bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor (IGF). IGF as a growth factor, plays significant role in atherosclerosis development, but also it might contribute to healing processes connected with tissue injury. Nevertheless, PAPP-A role in plaque destabilization has not been proven yet, although it was found in other metaloproteinases. In our pilot study, we confirmed the use of Kryptor system also for patients with coronary...
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The Risk Assessment for Development of Acute Coronary Syndrome Based on Non-invasive Examinations
Elšíková, Kristýna ; Kovárník, Tomáš (advisor) ; Večeřová, Alena (referee)
Predikce rizika rozvoje akutního koronárního syndromu na základě neinvazivních vyšetření ABSTRACT The aim of presented diploma thesis coming out of the project held by II. interní klinika Všeobecná fakutní nemocnice v Praze is to determinate the risk assessment for development of acute coronary syndrome based on non-invasive examinations - intracoronary ultrasound, retinal arteries examination, biochemical markers of atherosclerosis and selected genes polymorphism. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part is theoretical and it consists of three chapters, the second part is analytical and it contains the research. The theoretical part gives concise information about the acute coronary syndrome, essential part focuses on atherosclerosis as a pathophysiologic base of this syndrome, risk factors, and stratification of cardiovascular risk which proved to be insufficient are as well mentioned. Next part describes a non-invasive coronary arteries examinations focusing on presented research. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on invasive coronary arteries examinations. The research part describes design and purpose of the project - the identification the high risk for development of acute coronary syndrome patients irrespective of the risk coming out standard evaluation models, and...
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Education of motional and regime therapy at patients after acute coronary syndrome
Wirthová, Mariana ; Pianelli Jahodová, Ivana (advisor) ; Heřmanová, Ivona (referee)
Title: Education of motional and regime therapy at patients after acute coronary syndrome Abstract: The goal of this study is to introduce the reader to the problematics of acute coronary syndromes. The outcome of this work is an educational material, which will be helpful for patients and for medical proffessionals. It will help pacients with following the needed regime therapy and physical therapy. This material also makes patient's education of these therapies much easier and lasting. This work focuses on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and acute coronary syndromes, as well as the phases of rehabilitation program and the proces of education itself. It also includes two case studies which prove the effect and utility of the educational material as well as the need of education itself. In order to succesfully educate a patient, we need for him to be motivated and well informed about his disease. These two are unfortunately the two aspects of rehabilitation, which are usually the weakest. With the right education, we can motivate the patient to inhereting the healthy lifestyle and to making it last. Key words: Acute coronary syndrome, risk factors, rehabilitation, motivation, education
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The relationship of the selected pollutants in the air on the emergence of acute coronary syndrome in patients rescued by emergency medical service in Most region
Cmorej, Patrik Christian ; Nesvadba, Marcel (advisor) ; Dynáková, Šárka (referee)
Recent published studies have provided new information about the significant influence of environmental factors, especially air pollution in the development of acute coronary syndrome. Besides the well-known controllable and uncontrollable risk factors it is necessary to focus on non-conventional risk factors. The thesis aims to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between the days in which patients with acute coronary syndrome type STEMI were rescued by the EMS Most and the average daily concentrations of pollutants in air (PM2,5 and PM10, ozone, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide) in seven previous days. The research methodology is based on a retrospective observational analysis of 116 patients with acute myocardial infarction in prehospital emergency care and the impact of the above pollutants in air with the use of statistical methods. The results in sets of ozone and nitric oxide effect presents a significant impact of day (p=0.0283/0.0424), sex (p=0.0216/0.0232) and age (p=0.0008/0 .0187). Although we have found a statistically significant effect of a day, gender and age in our analysis, it is necessary to continue research in a larger statistical sample to minimize the statistical errors. Key words: acute coronay syndrome, air pollution, emergency medical service
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Smoking and acute coronary syndrome
Zappová, Eliška ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Pánková, Alexandra (referee)
The aim of this work is to assess the association between smoking tobacco products and the onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), particularly with regard to the age. In the practical part determine the prevalence of smoking among patients with ACS hospitalized at the Department III. Internal-Cardiology FNKV and then evaluate their views on smoking in relation to their own health. The work was compiled by the method of quantitative research. The result of the accumulated material we should find out the ratio of smokers and non-smokers with that disease and perception of current health condition. This work could be an inspiration for health professionals, who should realize how crucial importance of smoking prevention and treatment of tobacco dependence. Of controlled interview can also benefit patients, interviews were used as the possibility of a brief intervention Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, smoking, tobacco addiction
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The Risk Assessment for Development of Acute Coronary Syndrome Based on Non-invasive Examinations
Elšíková, Kristýna ; Kovárník, Tomáš (advisor) ; Večeřová, Alena (referee)
Predikce rizika rozvoje akutního koronárního syndromu na základě neinvazivních vyšetření ABSTRACT The aim of presented diploma thesis coming out of the project held by II. interní klinika Všeobecná fakutní nemocnice v Praze is to determinate the risk assessment for development of acute coronary syndrome based on non-invasive examinations - intracoronary ultrasound, retinal arteries examination, biochemical markers of atherosclerosis and selected genes polymorphism. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part is theoretical and it consists of three chapters, the second part is analytical and it contains the research. The theoretical part gives concise information about the acute coronary syndrome, essential part focuses on atherosclerosis as a pathophysiologic base of this syndrome, risk factors, and stratification of cardiovascular risk which proved to be insufficient are as well mentioned. Next part describes a non-invasive coronary arteries examinations focusing on presented research. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on invasive coronary arteries examinations. The research part describes design and purpose of the project - the identification the high risk for development of acute coronary syndrome patients irrespective of the risk coming out standard evaluation models, and...
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The use of PAPP-A/proMBP complex in early diagnosis and prevention of coronary artery disease and in the improvement of therapeutic and preventive care of patients and their families in risk.
Hájek, Petr ; Macek, Milan (advisor) ; Kalousová, Marta (referee) ; Poledne, Rudolf (referee)
Majority of medical decisions are based on results of diagnostic tests that help to differentiate normal from abnormal. The choice of appropriate test and its intepretation are neccessary steps for correct diagnosis and treatment strategy determination. Rapid prove of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) plays a key role in choice of optimal treatment strategy, because timing of intervention directly influences prognosis of the patient. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP- A) has been studied as a promising marker of ACS. For PAPP-A evaluation in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, we have chosen commercially available system Kryptor that had been verified in prenatal screening of pregnancies in risk. PAPP-A belongs among metalloproteinases. It is important marker of physiological development of placenta and fetus. The only proven physiological role of PAPP- A is the enabling of bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor (IGF). IGF as a growth factor, plays significant role in atherosclerosis development, but also it might contribute to healing processes connected with tissue injury. Nevertheless, PAPP-A role in plaque destabilization has not been proven yet, although it was found in other metaloproteinases. In our pilot study, we confirmed the use of Kryptor system also for patients with coronary...
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